Eastern command
Proconsul
- Recorded term
- All year
- Authority
- Lex Manilia command, prorogued
Conducted the Syrian and Judaean campaigns, captured Jerusalem and returned to Pontus after leaving Scaurus with two legions.
PROVINCIAE · IMPERIVM
Provinces & commands
A provincia could be a sphere of duty or command, not simply a territory. Authority and recorded terms are kept alongside each appointment.
Syria & Palestine
Proquaestor propraetore
- Recorded term
- Late 63 BCE
- Authority
- Deputy of Pompey · two legions
Pompey left Scaurus in command in Syria and Palestine when he returned north after the Jerusalem settlement.
Asia
Propraetor
- Recorded term
- 63 BCE
- Authority
- Promagisterial provincial command
Governor of Asia, attested repeatedly in Cicero’s later defence of L. Valerius Flaccus.
Gallia Transalpina
Proconsul
- Recorded term
- First part of 63 BCE
- Authority
- Province following praetorship
Governed Transalpine Gaul before returning to Rome for the consular election, leaving his brother in command.
Gallia Transalpina
Legate in command
- Recorded term
- Later 63 BCE
- Authority
- Delegated by L. Licinius Murena
Held the provincial command after his brother returned to Rome and arrested messengers connected with the Catilinarian movement.
Macedonia
Proconsul
- Recorded term
- Part of 63 BCE
- Authority
- Promagisterial provincial command
Reported military achievements and received the title imperator on Cicero’s motion; he had returned to Rome by autumn.